Tissue factor in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis.

Atherosclerosis
Steven P Grover, Nigel Mackman

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by the formation of lipid rich plaques in the wall of medium to large sized arteries. Atherothrombosis represents the terminal manifestation of this pathology in which atherosclerotic plaque rupture or erosion triggers the formation of occlusive thrombi. Occlusion of arteries and resultant tissue ischemia in the heart and brain causes myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively. Tissue factor (TF) is the receptor for the coagulation protease factor VIIa, and formation of the TF:factor VIIa complex triggers blood coagulation. TF is expressed at high levels in atherosclerotic plaques by both macrophage-derived foam cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as extracellular vesicles derived from these cells. Importantly, TF mediated activation of coagulation is critically important for arterial thrombosis in the setting of atherosclerotic disease. The major endogenous inhibitor of the TF:factor VIIa complex is TF pathway inhibitor 1 (TFPI-1), which is also present in atherosclerotic plaques. In mouse models, increased or decreased expression of TFPI-1 has been found to alter atherosclerosis. This review highlights the contribution of TF-dependent acti...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 21, 2021·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·Anny Camelo-CastilloVanessa Roldán
Apr 6, 2021·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·Tsuyoshi NakanoYasuyuki Fujiwara
Aug 17, 2021·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Rentang BiBo Hu
Aug 6, 2021·Cardiovascular Research·Marco WitkowskiStanley L Hazen

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