PMID: 6159554Nov 27, 1980Paper

Tolerance as an active process

Nature
J M Teale, N R Klinman

Abstract

The clonal deletion model proposed by Burnet and Lederberg and expanded by Nossal was one of the first theories concerning the nature of tolerance of self constituents. The model proposed that during the maturation of lymphocytes into immunocompetent cells, there is a sensitive differentiation stage whereby contact wth antigen results in specific inactivation of the cell. Experimental evidence indicates that neonatal or immature B lymphocytes are indeed different from adult lymphocytes in their extreme sensitivity to tolerance induction even at low antigen concentrations and with antigens that are normally immunogenic. The present study examines the mechanism of this tolerance phenomenon by determining whether or not tolerance of immature B cells is an active process and what specific interactions can induce this event. We used various putative inhibitors of tolerance induction in the splenic focus assay which examines the tolerance susceptibility of individual B cells. The results suggest that tolerance requires protein synthesis and that this process is initiated only after a minimum threshold affinity of binding occurs between antigen and cell-surface receptor with subsequent receptor interlinkage.

References

Jan 1, 1975·Transplantation Reviews·N R Klinman, J L Press
Mar 1, 1976·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·G J Nossal, J E Layton
Jun 1, 1976·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·E S Metcalf, N R Klinman
Oct 1, 1976·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H M DintzisB Vogelstein
Jan 1, 1979·Immunological Reviews·D W ScottJ J Jandinski
Nov 2, 1976·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·S K Pierce, N R Klinman
Aug 1, 1972·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·N R Klinman
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Mar 1, 1969·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·E Diener, W D Armstrong
Jun 19, 1959·Science·J LEDERBERG

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Citations

Mar 1, 1982·Cellular Immunology·H C MillerW J Esselman
Jan 1, 1987·Immunology Today·D W Scott, N R Klinman
Jun 1, 1994·Current Opinion in Immunology·N R Klinman
Mar 1, 1982·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·B L PikeG J Nossal
Sep 1, 1986·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D RamarliE L Reinherz
Dec 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D RamarliE L Reinherz
Jul 1, 1983·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·M A ThompsonM P Cancro
Feb 1, 1987·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·L W Duran, E S Metcalf
Jun 1, 1990·Immunological Reviews·N R Klinman, D J Decker
Apr 1, 1996·Immunological Reviews·N R Klinman
May 23, 1998·Annual Review of Immunology·J I Healy, C C Goodnow
Mar 23, 2004·Annual Review of Immunology·Mila JankovicMichel C Nussenzweig
Sep 1, 1991·European Journal of Immunology·P J GriebelJ D Reynolds
Mar 1, 1987·International Reviews of Immunology·G A Neil, N R Klinman
May 1, 1986·Immunological Investigations·M Zanetti
Mar 1, 1992·Research in Immunology·N R KlinmanD W Scott
Aug 1, 1989·Immunological Reviews·A S Perelson
Jun 1, 1982·European Journal of Immunology·H M Etlinger, C H Heusser
Jun 1, 1986·Arthritis and Rheumatism·D M Klinman, A D Steinberg
Jan 1, 1983·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·N R KlinmanD Zharhary
Nov 1, 1981·Immunology Today·N R KlinmanJ M Teale
Mar 1, 1996·Bulletin of Mathematical Biology·R J De BoerA S Perelson
Feb 13, 2001·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·S Koenig-MarronyJ L Pasquali
Jan 6, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Djemel Aït-AzzouzeneDavid Nemazee

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