Toll-like receptor 3 has a protective role against West Nile virus infection.

Journal of Virology
Stephane DaffisMichael S Diamond

Abstract

Protection against West Nile virus (WNV) infection requires rapid viral sensing and the generation of an interferon (IFN) response. Mice lacking IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) show increased vulnerability to WNV infection with enhanced viral replication and blunted IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) responses. IRF-3 functions downstream of several viral sensors, including Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), RIG-I, and MDA5. Cell culture studies suggest that host recognizes WNV in part, through the cytoplasmic helicase RIG-I and to a lesser extent, MDA5, both of which activate ISG expression through IRF-3. However, the role of TLR3 in vivo in recognizing viral RNA and activating antiviral defense pathways has remained controversial. We show here that an absence of TLR3 enhances WNV mortality in mice and increases viral burden in the brain. Compared to congenic wild-type controls, TLR3(-/-) mice showed relatively modest changes in peripheral viral loads. Consistent with this, little difference in multistep viral growth kinetics or IFN-alpha/beta induction was observed between wild-type and TLR3(-/-) fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells. In contrast, a deficiency of TLR3 was associated with enhanced viral replication in primary cortical...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1991·The Journal of General Virology·N C DebnathA D Barrett
Oct 5, 2001·Emerging Infectious Diseases·G D EbelL D Kramer
Feb 16, 2002·Methods : a Companion to Methods in Enzymology·K J Livak, T D Schmittgen
Dec 10, 2003·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Michael S DiamondMichael Engle
Mar 3, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Koichi TabetaBruce Beutler
Apr 28, 2004·Virology·Kurt H EdelmannMichael B A Oldstone
Jan 18, 2005·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Cinthia FarinaEdgar Meinl
Feb 16, 2005·Nature·Oliver SchulzCaetano Reis e Sousa
Aug 17, 2005·Journal of Virology·Robyn S KleinMichael S Diamond
Sep 29, 2005·Journal of Virology·Christophe PréhaudMonique Lafon
Oct 19, 2005·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·William G GlassPhilip M Murphy
Dec 15, 2005·Journal of Virology·Bimmi ShresthaMichael S Diamond
Feb 25, 2006·Cell·Shizuo AkiraOsamu Takeuchi
Mar 7, 2006·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Fumio HidakaHiroyuki Nunoi
Mar 7, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Terrence TownRichard A Flavell
May 10, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Sophie DelhayeThomas Michiels
Aug 26, 2006·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Kenya Honda, Tadatsugu Taniguchi
Aug 29, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Hordur S HardarsonJesus G Vallejo
Oct 24, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Brian B GowenRobert W Sidwell
Nov 23, 2006·Current Opinion in Immunology·Takeshi Saito, Michael Gale
Dec 28, 2006·Journal of Biochemistry·Taro Kawai, Shizuo Akira
Mar 31, 2007·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Satoshi Uematsu, Shizuo Akira
Jun 15, 2007·European Journal of Immunology·Whitney E PurthaMichael S Diamond
Aug 2, 2007·Immunology and Cell Biology·Alex J V Thompson, Stephen A Locarnini
Sep 18, 2007·Science·Shen-Ying ZhangJean-Laurent Casanova
Sep 26, 2007·Immunity·Andreas Pichlmair, Caetano Reis e Sousa

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 8, 2012·Seminars in Immunopathology·Kui Li, Stanley M Lemon
Jul 25, 2012·Acta Neuropathologica·Paul M D'AgostinoKaren Bulloch
Oct 19, 2010·Cell and Tissue Research·Tracey J Coffey, Dirk Werling
Nov 3, 2009·Amino Acids·Alina Baum, Adolfo García-Sastre
Sep 24, 2008·Immunologic Research·Tsan Xiao
Sep 8, 2010·Nature Immunology·Penghua WangErol Fikrig
Jan 17, 2009·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Penny Clarke, Kenneth L Tyler
Dec 17, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Hideo NegishiKenya Honda
Aug 22, 2009·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Michael S Diamond
Jan 5, 2011·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Jing Jing KhooAshley Mansell
Jan 11, 2011·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Elin KindbergLennart Svensson
Mar 1, 2012·QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians·L TurtleT Solomon
Oct 5, 2012·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Tonya M ColpittsErol Fikrig
May 25, 2012·Journal of Virology·Stephanie A SchittonePenny Clarke
May 6, 2011·Journal of Virology·Helen M LazearMichael S Diamond
Jan 20, 2012·Journal of Virology·Søren Jensen, Allan Randrup Thomsen
Jan 1, 2009·Journal of Innate Immunity·Stephane DaffisMichael S Diamond
May 18, 2011·Intervirology·Sebastian Ulbert
Aug 17, 2011·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Melissa SwieckiMarco Colonna
Jun 24, 2009·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·Isabella BarajonCristiano Rumio
Feb 21, 2009·PLoS Computational Biology·Fan LiBernhard Ø Palsson
Oct 10, 2009·PLoS Pathogens·Fengwei BaiErol Fikrig
Feb 9, 2010·PLoS Pathogens·Mehul S SutharMichael Gale
Jun 3, 2010·The Open Virology Journal·Marina MoniniFranco Maria Ruggeri
Dec 19, 2012·Viruses·Hyelim Cho, Michael S Diamond
Mar 19, 2013·Viruses·Frédéric SorgeloosThomas Michiels

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Antivirals

Antivirals are medications that are used specifically for treating viral infections. Discover the latest research on antivirals here.

Antivirals (ASM)

Antivirals are medications that are used specifically for treating viral infections. Discover the latest research on antivirals here.