Toll-like receptor 4 mediates fat, sugar, and umami taste preference and food intake and body weight regulation

Obesity
Simonetta Camandola, Mark P Mattson

Abstract

Immune and inflammatory pathways play important roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. This study investigated the role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in orosensory detection of dietary lipids and sugars. Taste preferences of TLR4 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) male mice under a standard and a high-fat, high-sugar diet were assessed with two-bottle tests. Gene expression of taste signaling molecules was analyzed in the tongue epithelium. The role of TLR4 in food intake and weight gain was investigated in TLR4 KO and WT mice fed a high-fat and high-sugar diet for 12 weeks. Compared to WT mice, TLR4 KO mice showed reduced preference for lipids, sugars, and umami in a two-bottle preference test. The altered taste perception was associated with decreased levels of key taste regulatory molecules in the tongue epithelium. TLR4 KO mice on a high-fat and high-sugar diet consumed less food and drink, resulting in diminished weight gain. TLR4 signaling promotes ingestion of sugar and fat by a mechanism involving increased preference for such obesogenic foods.

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Citations

Jul 30, 2019·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Kei WatanabeTada-Aki Kudo
Aug 10, 2020·Medical Molecular Morphology·Gül Yıldız TelatarBaris Can Telatar
Jan 10, 2021·Protein & Cell·Jane Y Wu
May 11, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Yongxiang LiQingyan Jiang
Jun 3, 2021·Proteomes·Mriga DuttBenjamin L Parker
Aug 28, 2021·Nutrients·Ryan Leung, Mihai Covasa
Sep 1, 2021·Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases : Official Journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery·Marwa Abu El HaijaMohamad Mokadem

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Fiji
Graph Pad Prism

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