Toxic Stress and Vulnerable Mothers: A Multilevel Framework of Stressors and Strengths

Western Journal of Nursing Research
Eileen M Condon, Lois S Sadler

Abstract

Toxic stress is associated with poor health outcomes that extend across the life span. Although caregivers can protect their children from toxic stress through supportive caregiving, this can be challenging for vulnerable mothers living in socioeconomically disadvantaged environments. We aim to advance the science of toxic stress prevention by exploring the stressors and strengths experienced by vulnerable mothers through application of a theoretical framework, Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model. Following Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage scoping study framework, 179 articles were included. Key information was abstracted and each article was reviewed for relevance to the bioecological model. Results revealed that the sources of stress and strength are multilayered, transactional, and have a complex influence on caregiving in families at risk of toxic stress. Future research should include empirical investigations of the complex relationships among these stressors and strengths, and the development of preventive interventions to support vulnerable families at risk of toxic stress.

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Citations

May 4, 2021·Academic Pediatrics·Rachel S GrossMary Jo Messito
May 24, 2021·BMC Women's Health·Clara Isabel Posada-AbadíaMaría Teresa González-Gil
Sep 28, 2020·Jornal de pediatria·Liubiana Arantes de AraújoGiulio Tarro
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Isabel Martinez LealLorraine R Reitzel
Oct 28, 2021·Physiology·Sandra L Leibel, Xin Sun

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