Toxicity, accumulation, and removal of heavy metals by three aquatic macrophytes

International Journal of Phytoremediation
A BasileV Carginale

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of the uptake, tolerance, and transport of heavy metals by plants will be essential for the development of phytoremediation technologies. In the present paper, we investigated accumulation, tissue and intracellular localization, and toxic effects of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in three aquatic macrophytes (the angiosperms Lemna minor and Elodea canadensis, and the moss Leptodictyum riparium). We also tested and compared their capacity to absorb heavy metal from water under laboratory conditions. Our data showed that all the three species examined could be considered good bioaccumulators for the heavy metals tested. L. riparium was the most resistant species and the most effective in accumulating Cu, Zn, and Pb, whereas L. minor was the most effective in accumulating Cd. Cd was the most toxic metal, followed by Pb, Cu, and Zn. At the ultrastructural level, sublethal concentrations of the heavy metals tested caused induced cell plasmolysis and alterations of the chloroplast arrangement. Heavy metal removal experiments revealed that the three macrophytes showed excellent performance in removing the selected metals from the solutions in which they are maintained, thus suggesting...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 16, 2013·International Journal of Phytoremediation·Esra UçüncüAhmet Altindağ
Apr 22, 2014·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·L PaoliS Loppi
Mar 12, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Xiangyang WuLiuqing Yang
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
atomic absorption spectrometry
X-ray
electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

STATVIEW

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