Toxicity studies in rats of simple mixtures of chemicals with the same or different target organs

Toxicology Letters
V J FeronP J van Bladeren

Abstract

Mixtures of chemicals with different target organs or the same target organ but different target sites or different modes of action did not appear to be distinctly more hazardous than the individual chemicals, provided the dose level of each chemical in the mixture did not exceed its own 'No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level'. Clearly, for such mixtures and exposure conditions the additivity assumption did not hold. However, the additivity rule appeared to be applicable to mixtures of chemicals with the same target organ and the same mechanism of action or receptor. Fractional 2-factorial study designs were found to be promising tools for examining possible combined actions or interactions of chemicals in a mixture.

References

Sep 1, 1990·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·D JonkerV J Feron
Feb 1, 1973·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Y Alarie
Jun 1, 1994·Toxicology Letters·J Lewtas
Feb 1, 1993·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·D JonkerV J Feron
Dec 28, 1995·Toxicology·V J FeronP J van Bladeren
Feb 1, 1996·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·F R CasseeV J Feron
Jan 1, 1996·Archives of Toxicology·F R CasseeV J Feron

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Citations

Nov 1, 1996·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·R S Yang
Jan 5, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Andreas KortenkampThomas Backhaus
Sep 29, 2009·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Trine Klein ReffstrupOtto Meyer
Nov 1, 2004·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Raymond S H YangMoiz Mumtaz
Feb 6, 2008·International Journal of Andrology·Andreas Kortenkamp
Nov 16, 2004·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Christopher J BorgertAnn M Mason

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