Toxicokinetics and acute effects of MTBE and ETBE in male volunteers

Toxicology Letters
G JohansonA Löf

Abstract

Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is widely used in gasoline as an oxygenator and octane enhancer. There is also an interest in using the ethyl tertiary butyl (ETBE) and methyl tertiary amyl (TAME) ethers. We measured the blood, water, and olive oil/air partition coefficients in vitro of MTBE, ETBE, TAME and tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA), a metabolite of MTBE and ETBE. The results indicate similar uptake and distribution behavior for the three ethers and a slight affinity for fatty tissues. The partition coefficients of TBA indicate that this metabolite is not excreted via the lungs to any great extent and that it is preferentially distributed in body water. Further, we exposed 10 healthy male volunteers to MTBE vapor at 5, 25 and 50 ppm for 2 h during light physical exercise. Uptake and disposition were studied by measuring MTBE and TBA in inhaled and exhaled air, blood and urine. Low uptake, high post-exposure exhalation, and low blood clearance indicate slow metabolism of MTBE relative to many other solvents. A low recovery of TBA in urine (below 1% of uptake) indicates further metabolism of TBA. The concentration of MTBE and TBA in blood was proportional to exposure level suggesting linear kinetics up to 50 ppm. The half li...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2012·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Joerg U MuellerGerhard Triebig
Sep 15, 2011·Biodegradation·Mojtaba ShamsipurShahram Abolhassan Tash
Oct 31, 2001·Toxicology Letters·W DekantA Amberg
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Jul 24, 2008·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Ivo IavicoliAlessandro Marinaccio
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Sep 21, 2016·Inhalation Toxicology·Gerhard TriebigThomas Bruckner
Jun 21, 2001·Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology·C W LeeC P Weisel

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