TPS Genes Silencing Alters Constitutive Indirect and Direct Defense in Tomato

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Mariangela CoppolaEmilio Guerrieri

Abstract

Following herbivore attacks, plants modify a blend of volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) released, resulting in the attraction of their antagonists. However, volatiles released constitutively may affect herbivores and natural enemies' fitness too. In tomato there is still a lack of information on the genetic bases responsible for the constitutive release of VOC involved in direct and indirect defenses. Here we studied the constitutive emissions related to the two most abundant sesquiterpene synthase genes expressed in tomato and their functional role in plant defense. Using an RNA interference approach, we silenced the expression of TPS9 and TPS12 genes and assessed the effect of this transformation on herbivores and parasitoids. We found that silenced plants displayed a different constitutive volatiles emission from controls, resulting in reduced attractiveness for the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi and in an impaired development of Spodoptera exigua larvae. We discussed these data considering the transcriptional regulation of key-genes involved in the pathway of VOC metabolism. We provide several lines of evidence on the metabolic flux from terpenoids to phenylpropanoids. Our results shed more light on constitutive defenses m...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AY348872
BF097728
ES895666
AK329954
ES894405
AK321037
U50152.1
BE354788.1
TC204487

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
PCRs
PCR
biossay
chips
Feature extraction

Software Mentioned

Kegg
Primer Express
Blastx
R package
LOWESS
Agilent MassHunter Workstation
blast2go
GOslim
blastN
GeneSpring GX

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