Tracheal acid or surfactant instillation raises alveolar surface tension

Journal of Applied Physiology
Tam L Nguyen, Carrie E Perlman

Abstract

Whether alveolar liquid surface tension, T, is elevated in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been demonstrated in situ in the lungs. Neither is it known how exogenous surfactant, which has failed to treat ARDS, affects in situ T. We aim to determine T in an acid-aspiration ARDS model before and after exogenous surfactant administration. In isolated rat lungs, we combine servo-nulling pressure measurement and confocal microscopy to determine alveolar liquid T according to the Laplace relation. Administering 0.01 N (pH 1.9) HCl solution by alveolar injection or tracheal instillation, to model gastric liquid aspiration, raises T. Subsequent surfactant administration fails to normalize T. Furthermore, in normal lungs, tracheal instillation of control saline or exogenous surfactant raises T. Lavaging the trachea with saline and injecting the lavage solution into the alveolus raises T, suggesting that tracheal instillation may wash T-raising airway contents to the alveolus. Adding 0.01 N HCl or 5 mM CaCl2-either of which aggregates mucins-to tracheal lavage solution reduces or eliminates the effect of lavage solution on alveolar T. Following tracheal saline instillation, liquid suctioned directly out of alveoli t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 26, 2019·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Richard K AlbertDavid A Schwartz
Jul 25, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Theresa A EngelmannMatthias Ochs

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
bronchoalveolar lavage
ELISA
lavage
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

Infasurf
LabVIEW

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