Tracking extracellular vesicle phenotypic changes enables treatment monitoring in melanoma

Science Advances
Jing WangMatt Trau

Abstract

Monitoring targeted therapy in real time for cancer patients could provide vital information about the development of drug resistance and improve therapeutic outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently emerged as a promising cancer biomarker, and EV phenotyping shows high potential for monitoring treatment responses. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring patient treatment responses based on the plasma EV phenotypic evolution using a multiplex EV phenotype analyzer chip (EPAC). EPAC incorporates the nanomixing-enhanced microchip and the multiplex surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotag system for direct EV phenotyping without EV enrichment. In a preclinical model, we observe the EV phenotypic heterogeneity and different phenotypic responses to the treatment. Furthermore, we successfully detect cancer-specific EV phenotypes from melanoma patient plasma. We longitudinally monitor the EV phenotypic evolution of eight melanoma patients receiving targeted therapy and find specific EV profiles involved in the development of drug resistance, reflecting the potential of EV phenotyping for monitoring treatment responses.

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Citations

Sep 23, 2020·Nature Reviews. Cancer·Andreas Möller, Richard J Lobb
Jun 13, 2020·Nanoscale Horizons : the Home for Rapid Reports of Exceptional Significance in Nanoscience and Nanotechnolgy·Abu Ali Ibn SinaMatt Trau
May 6, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Evran E UralChristopher H Contag
Jun 5, 2021·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Ana ŠpilakChrista Noehammer
Jun 15, 2021·FASEB BioAdvances·James W ClancyCrislyn D'Souza-Schorey
Sep 1, 2021·Advanced Science·Li MinShutao Wang
Sep 15, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jonas M NikoloffPetra S Dittrich

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
chip
Raman spectroscopy
ELISAs
AFM
flow cytometry
ELISA
Assay
immunoprecipitation
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

NTA
GraphPad Prism
FlowJo
GraphPad
SPSS

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