Trading up: chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) show self-control through their exchange behavior

Animal Cognition
Michael J BeranAudrey E Parrish

Abstract

Self-control is defined as the ability or capacity to obtain an objectively more valuable outcome rather than an objectively less valuable outcome though tolerating a longer delay or a greater effort requirement (or both) in obtaining that more valuable outcome. A number of tests have been devised to assess self-control in non-human animals, including exchange tasks. In this study, three chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) participated in a delay of gratification task that required food exchange as the behavioral response that reflected self-control. The chimpanzees were offered opportunities to inhibit eating and instead exchange a currently possessed food item for a different (and sometimes better) item, often needing to exchange several food items before obtaining the highest valued reward. We manipulated reward type, reward size, reward visibility, delay to exchange, and location of the highest valued reward in the sequence of exchange events to compare performance within the same individuals. The chimpanzees successfully traded until obtaining the best item in most cases, although there were individual differences among participants in some variations of the test. These results support the idea that self-control is robust in chi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 15, 2015·Learning & Behavior·Michael J BeranSarah F Brosnan
Jun 15, 2016·Behavioural Processes·Michael J BeranAudrey E Parrish
Dec 7, 2017·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Peter A Goldstein
Nov 22, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Manuela ZebunkeBirger Puppe
May 21, 2019·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science·Rachael MillerNicola S Clayton
Dec 25, 2019·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Elsa AddessiJean-Baptiste Leca
Jan 12, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Jean-Baptiste LecaI Nengah Wandia

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