Training of reaching in stroke survivors with severe and chronic upper limb paresis using a novel nonrobotic device: a randomized clinical trial

Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
Ruth N BarkerRichard G Carson

Abstract

Severe upper limb paresis is a major contributor to disability after stroke. This study investigated the efficacy of a new nonrobotic training device, the Sensorimotor Active Rehabilitation Training (SMART) Arm, that was used with or without electromyography-triggered electrical stimulation of triceps brachii to augment elbow extension, permitting stroke survivors with severe paresis to practice a constrained reaching task. A single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 42 stroke survivors with severe and chronic paresis. Thirty-three participants completed the study, of whom 10 received training using the SMART Arm with electromyography-triggered electrical stimulation, 13 received training using the SMART Arm alone, and 10 received no intervention (control). Training consisted of 12 1-hour sessions over 4 weeks. The primary outcome measure was "upper arm function," item 6 of the Motor Assessment Scale. Secondary outcome measures included impairment measures; triceps muscle strength, reaching force, modified Ashworth scale; and activity measures: reaching distance and Motor Assessment Scale. Assessments were administered before (0 weeks) and after training (4 weeks) and at 2 months follow-up (12 weeks). Both SMAR...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 11, 2012·Experimental Brain Research·Ruth N BarkerRichard G Carson
Sep 22, 2010·Australian Occupational Therapy Journal·Rebekah L PickeringMark W Parsons
Dec 25, 2013·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Suzanne S KuysSandra G Brauer
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Oct 25, 2016·Medical Engineering & Physics·Francisco ResquínJosé Luis Pons
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