Abstract
A better understanding of long-term functional recovery process for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) facilitates effective rehabilitations. The aim of this study was to classify and characterize patients with moderate-to-severe TBI based on their functional trajectories up to 5 years post-injury. The study included 121 patients with moderate-to-severe TBIs (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision [ICD-10], S06.0-S06.9), 16-55 years of age, and admitted at Trauma Referral Hospital within 24 h of injury between 2005 and 2007. Demographics and injury characteristics were documented at the admission, and functional status was recorded at 3 months and 1 and 5 years post-injury using Functional Independence Measure motor (FIM-M) and cognitive (FIM-C) subscales. We used group-based trajectory models to classify patients' functional trajectories over a 5-year period. For FIM-M, three trajectories were identified: 8.2% of patients showed stable low recovery (13.6 ± 1.5, 17.9 ± 8.8, and 21.0 ± 17.9), 9.2% elevated good recovery (35.8 ± 14.5, 75.5 ± 12.4, and 85.5 ± 8.1), and 82.6% stable good recovery (89.0 ± 3.6, 90.3 ± 1.9, and 90.8 ± 1.0) at the three follow-up points, respectively. For FIM-C, four trajector...Continue Reading
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