Tranexamic acid toxicity in human periarticular tissues.

Bone & Joint Research
M McLeanN L Millar

Abstract

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic medication commonly used to reduce perioperative bleeding. Increasingly, topical administration as an intra-articular injection or perioperative wash is being administered during surgery. Adult soft tissues have a poor regenerative capacity and therefore damage to these tissues can be harmful to the patient. This study investigated the effects of TXA on human periarticular tissues and primary cell cultures using clinically relevant concentrations. Tendon, synovium, and cartilage obtained from routine orthopaedic surgeries were used for ex vivo and in vitro studies using various concentrations of TXA. The in vitro effect of TXA on primary cultured tenocytes, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and chondrocytes was investigated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assays, fluorescent microscopy, and multi-protein apoptotic arrays for cell death. There was a significant (p < 0.01) increase in cell death within all tissue explants treated with 100 mg/ml TXA. MTT assays revealed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cell viability in all tissues following treatment with 50 mg/ml or 100 mg/ml of TXA within four hours. There was a significant (p ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 7, 2019·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Julia Cox, Ilana B Witten
Feb 24, 2019·European Journal of Medical Research·Remo GoderecciVittorio Calvisi
Aug 30, 2020·Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy : Official Journal of the ESSKA·Scott M BolamJacob T Munro
Jun 20, 2020·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·Antony J R PalmerGeorge Grammatopoulos
Jul 14, 2020·Chemical Record : an Official Publication of the Chemical Society of Japan ... [et Al.]·Lu ZhangZhanhu Guo
Sep 2, 2020·Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy : Official Journal of the ESSKA·Jong-Keun KimMyung Chul Lee
Feb 26, 2021·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·William L JohnsNirav K Patel
Dec 6, 2020·Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association·John W BelkStephen G Thon
Jun 7, 2021·Arthroscopy : the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association·En-Rung ChiangHsiao-Li Ma

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
total hip arthroplasty
confocal microscopy
Antibody Array
Protein Assay

Software Mentioned

WinImage studio
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad
Imaris x64

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