Transcription factor E2F and cyclin E-Cdk2 complex cooperate to induce chromosomal DNA replication in Xenopus oocytes.
Abstract
Although no chromosomal DNA replication actually occurs during Xenopus oocyte maturation, the capability develops during the late meiosis I (MI) phase in response to progesterone. This ability, however, is suppressed by Mos proteins and maturation/mitosis promoting factor during the second meiosis phase (meiosis II; MII) until fertilization. Inhibition of RNA synthesis by actinomycin D during early MI prevented induction of the replication ability, but did not interfere with initiation of the meiotic cell cycle progression characterized by oscillation of the maturation/mitosis promoting factor activity and germinal vesicle breakdown. Microinjection of recombinant proteins such as dominant-negative E2F or universal Cdk inhibitors, p21 and p27, but not wild type human E2F-1 or Cdk4-specific inhibitor, p19, into maturing oocytes during MI abolished induction of the DNA replication ability. Co-injection of human E2F-1 and cyclin E proteins into immature oocytes allowed them to initiate DNA replication even in the absence of progesterone treatment. Injection of cyclin E alone, which was sufficient to activate endogenous Cdk2 kinase, failed to induce DNA replication. Moreover, the activation of Cdk2 was not affected under the conditi...Continue Reading
References
Synthesis of mitochondrial RNA by full-grown and maturing oocytes of Rana pipiens and Xenopus laevis
A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: II. Control of the onset of transcription
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