Transcriptome Analysis of Circulating PBMCs to Understand Mechanism of High Altitude Adaptation in Native Cattle of Ladakh Region

Scientific Reports
Preeti VermaManishi Mukesh

Abstract

Ladakhi cattle is native population of Leh and Ladakh region and constantly exposed to hypobaric hypoxia over many generations. In present study, transcriptome signatures of cattle from Ladakh region (~5500 m) and Sahiwal cattle from tropical regions were evaluated using Agilent 44 K microarray chip. The top up-regulated genes in Ladakhi cows were INHBC, ITPRI, HECA, ABI3, GPR171, and HIF-1α involved in hypoxia and stress response. In Sahiwal cows, the top up-regulated genes eEF1A1, GRO1, CXCL2, DEFB3 and BOLA-DQA3 were associated with immune function and inflammatory response indicating their strong immune potential to combat the pathogens prevalent in the tropical conditions. The molecular pathways highly impacted were MAPK signaling, ETC, apoptosis, TLR signaling and NF- kB signaling pathway indicating signatures of adaptive evolution of these two cattle types in response to diverse environments. Further, qPCR analysis revealed increased expression of DEGs such as HIF-1, EPAS-1, VEGFA, NOS2, and GLUT-1/SLC2A1 in cattle types from high altitude suggesting their pivotal role in association with high altitude adaptation. Based on data generated, native cattle of Ladakh region was found to be genetically distinct from native cat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 17, 2020·Animal Genetics·J Friedrich, P Wiener
Feb 29, 2020·Scientific Reports·Jayakumar SivalingamD Ravikumar
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Genetics·Matthew E PamenterTatum S Simonson
Aug 21, 2021·Frontiers in Genetics·Bruno SerranitoAnne Da Silva

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
environmental stress
chips
feature extraction
nucleotide exchange
PCR
density gradient centrifugation
Feature Extractor

Software Mentioned

Best keeper
GraphPad PRISM
GeneSpring GX
Oligio
geNorm
Light Cycler
Agilent
Agilent Feature Extractor
NormFinder
Primer express

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