Transdermal glimepiride delivery system based on optimized ethosomal nano-vesicles: Preparation, characterization, in vitro, ex vivo and clinical evaluation

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
Tarek A AhmedFathy I Abd-Allah

Abstract

This work aimed to develop an optimized ethosomal formulation of glimepiride then loading into transdermal films to offer lower drug side effect, extended release behavior and avoid first pass effect. Four formulation factors were optimized for their effects on vesicle size (Y1), entrapment efficiency (Y2) and vesicle flexibility (Y3). Optimum desirability was identified and, an optimized formulation was prepared, characterized and loaded into transdermal films. Ex-vivo permeation study for the prepared films was conducted and, the permeation parameters and drug permeation mechanism were identified. Penetration through rat skin was studied using confocal laser microscope. In-vivo study was performed following transdermal application on human volunteers. The percent of alcohol was significantly affecting all the studied responses while the other factors and their interaction effects were varied on their effects on each response. The optimized ethosomal formulation showed observed values for Y1, Y2 and Y3 of 61 nm, 97.12% and 54.03, respectively. Ex-vivo permeation of films loaded with optimized ethosomal formulation was superior to that of the corresponding pure drug transdermal films and this finding was also confirmed after co...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 9, 2016·Journal of Drug Targeting·Kevin Ita
Mar 24, 2017·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Amira Mohamed MohsenShaimaa Ahmed ElShebiney
Oct 11, 2016·Chemical Society Reviews·N GrimaldiN Ventosa
Feb 9, 2018·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Mahmoud S SolimanHossam S El-Sawy
Aug 24, 2017·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Tarek A AhmedFathy I Abd-Allah
Dec 12, 2018·Journal of Liposome Research·Malleswara Rao PeramPrakash Diwan
Dec 19, 2019·Journal of Drug Targeting·Morteza RabieiSteven J P McInnes
Jan 16, 2020·Pharmaceutics·Djordje MedarevićKyriakos Kachrimanis
Jan 15, 2020·Current Pharmaceutical Design·Maryam ShabbirKashif Barkat
Dec 7, 2016·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Saina YangZhenzhong Yang
May 20, 2020·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Tarek A AhmedNabil A Alhakamy
Aug 27, 2019·European Journal of Pharmacology·Rubiya KhursheedKamal Dua
Sep 17, 2017·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Hriday BeraSridhar Vanga

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