Transesophageal echocardiography: an objective tool in defining maximum ventricular response to intravenous fluid therapy

Anesthesia and Analgesia
J D SwensonP Bailey

Abstract

Ventricular preload is an important determinant of cardiac function, which is indirectly measured in the clinical setting by the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is rapidly gaining acceptance as a monitor of cardiac function. Although it provides high-resolution images of cardiac structures, clinical assessment of ventricular preload using TEE has been subjective, since quantitative measurements have been difficult to perform in a timely fashion. Automated border detection (ABD) is a new technology used in conjunction with TEE that allows quantitative real-time, two-dimensional measurement of cavity areas. To determine whether enddiastolic area (EDA) measured by ABD can be used to determine an appropriate end point for intravenous fluid administration, nine mongrel dogs were studied. Anesthetized animals were hemorrhaged to achieve a central venous pressure of 0-5 mm Hg. Each animal was then given intravenous fluid (autologous blood followed by hetastarch) until a peak in thermodilution cardiac output (CO) was achieved. Measures of PCWP, EDA, CO, and left ventricular stroke work (LVSW) were obtained after each fluid bolus. Bivariate plots displaying administered volume versus CO,...Continue Reading

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Oct 8, 2008·Cardiovascular Ultrasound·Susanna PriceUNKNOWN World Interactive Network Focused On Critical UltraSound ECHO-ICU Group
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