Transition from ectothermy to endothermy: the development of metabolic capacity in a bird (Gallus gallus)

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
Frank SeebacherM B Thompson

Abstract

The evolution of endothermy is one of the most significant events in vertebrate evolution. Adult mammals and birds are delineated from their early ontogenetic stages, as well as from other vertebrates, by high resting metabolic rates and consequent internal heat production. We used the embryonic development of a bird (Gallus gallus) as a model to investigate the metabolic transition between ectothermy and endothermy. Increases in aerobic capacity occur at two functional levels that are regulated independently from each other: (i) upregulation of gene expression; and (ii) significant increases in the catalytic activity of the main oxidative control enzymes. Anaerobic capacity, measured as lactate dehydrogenase activity, is extremely high during early development, but diminishes at the same time as aerobic capacity increases. Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity are independent from its gene expression. The regulatory mechanisms that lead to endothermic metabolic capacity are similar to those of ectotherms in their response to environmental change. We suggest that the phylogenetic occurrence of endothermy is restricted by its limited selective advantages rather than by evolutionary innovation.

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Citations

Aug 1, 2012·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Marek Konarzewski, Aneta Książek
Jun 23, 2011·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Barbara Tzschentke, Marion Rumpf
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Jul 21, 2009·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Isabel Walter, Frank Seebacher
Mar 25, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Caroline Cristina-SilvaKênia Cardoso Bícego

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