Translation norms for English and Spanish: the role of lexical variables, word class, and L2 proficiency in negotiating translation ambiguity

Behavior Research Methods
Anat PriorJudith F Kroll

Abstract

We present a set of translation norms for 670 English and 760 Spanish nouns, verbs and class ambiguous items that varied in their lexical properties in both languages, collected from 80 bilingual participants. Half of the words in each language received more than a single translation across participants. Cue word frequency and imageability were both negatively correlated with number of translations. Word class predicted number of translations: Nouns had fewer translations than did verbs, which had fewer translations than class-ambiguous items. The translation probability of specific responses was positively correlated with target word frequency and imageability, and with its form overlap with the cue word. Translation choice was modulated by L2 proficiency: Less proficient bilinguals tended to produce lower probability translations than more proficient bilinguals, but only in forward translation, from Ll to L2. These findings highlight the importance of translation ambiguity as a factor influencing bilingual representation and performance. The norms can also provide an important resource to assist researchers in the selection of experimental materials for studies of bilingual and monolingual language performance. These norms ma...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1991·Cognition·G A Miller, C Fellbaum
Jul 1, 1967·The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis·J H Conn, R N Conn
Jan 1, 1982·Memory & Cognition·L W Barsalou
Jan 1, 1994·Memory & Cognition·C W KeatleyB de Gelder
Jan 14, 2000·Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers : a Journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc·F CuetosB Alvarez
Dec 6, 2000·Memory & Cognition·D L NelsonS Dennis
Apr 12, 2001·Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers : a Journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc·H BirdD Howard
Oct 25, 2002·Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers : a Journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc·Natasha TokowiczJanet G van Hell
Aug 19, 2003·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Elizabeth BatesOvid Tzeng
Dec 16, 2003·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Jennifer D Ryan, Neal J Cohen
Jan 12, 2005·Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers : a Journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc·Carolyn YoonDenise C Park
Aug 1, 2004·Journal of Memory and Language·Anna SzekelyElizabeth Bates

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 3, 2009·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Tamar Degani, Natasha Tokowicz
Sep 8, 2011·Behavior Research Methods·Kristin Lemhöfer, Mirjam Broersma
May 14, 2016·International Journal of Speech-language Pathology·Henrike K BlumenfeldViorica Marian
Jan 30, 2016·Behavior Research Methods·Ashley S Bangert, Nazanin M Heydarian
Jun 22, 2016·Behavior Research Methods·Yun Wen, Walter J B van Heuven
Nov 1, 2015·Journal of Psycholinguistic Research·Dana M Basnight-Brown, Jeanette Altarriba
Sep 11, 2016·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Yun Wen, Walter J B van Heuven
Nov 25, 2016·Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism·Tamar DeganiNatasha Tokowicz
May 28, 2019·Journal of Psycholinguistic Research·Guowei ZhouRong Zhou
May 13, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Yao LuBaoguo Chen
May 7, 2019·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR·Carla Wood, Christopher Schatschneider
Aug 6, 2019·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Mario F Mendez

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.