Translocation of promoter-conserved hatching enzyme genes with intron-loss provides a new insight in the role of retrocopy during teleostean evolution

Scientific Reports
Tatsuki NagasawaMasataka Okabe

Abstract

The hatcing enzyme gene (HE) encodes a protease that is indispensable for the hatching process and is conserved during vertebrate evolution. During teleostean evolution, it is known that HE experienced a drastic transfiguration of gene structure, namely, losing all of its introns. However, these facts are contradiction with each other, since intron-less genes typically lose their original promoter because of duplication via mature mRNA, called retrocopy. Here, using a comparative genomic assay, we showed that HEs have changed their genomic location several times, with the evolutionary timings of these translocations being identical to those of intron-loss. We further showed that HEs maintain the promoter sequence upstream of them after translocation. Therefore, teleostean HEs are unique genes which have changed intra- (exon-intron) and extra-genomic structure (genomic loci) several times, although their indispensability for the reproductive process of hatching implies that HE genes are translocated by retrocopy with their promoter sequence.

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Citations

May 8, 2021·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Huixian ZhangQiang Lin

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Ensembl
RAxML
blastx
CodonAlign
Clustalx

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