Transport of amino acids across the blood-brain barrier: implications for treatment of maternal phenylketonuria

Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
R M Gardiner

Abstract

Amino acid transport at the mammalian blood-brain barrier has been extensively characterized. Transport of L-phenylalanine and related neutral amino acids is known to be mediated by a stereospecific, sodium independent, saturable carrier. The affinity of this carrier is much higher than that of comparable systems in other tissues. This feature renders it susceptible to inhibition. It has been suggested that inhibition of neutral amino acid influx into the brain by hyperphenylalaninaemia contributes to the pathophysiology of brain damage in this condition. Methods for investigation of amino acid transport at the blood-brain barrier are discussed, and current knowledge of blood-brain barrier amino acid transport at the blood-brain barrier is reviewed. Developmental changes are delineated, with particular reference to recent work on the ovine blood-brain barrier. There is insufficient information concerning blood-brain barrier transport of amino acids in the fetal brain to allow firm conclusions to be drawn concerning implications for treatment of maternal PKU. Reasonable extrapolation from animal data suggests that transport inhibition may contribute to impaired fetal brain growth in maternal PKU, and can be minimized by attempts...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1976·Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology·O E Pratt
Nov 2, 1976·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J E CremerW H Oldendorf
Nov 1, 1976·Experimental Neurology·H Sershen, A Lajtha
Apr 1, 1975·The Journal of Physiology·G BañosO E Pratt
Aug 1, 1988·The Journal of Physiology·D P Brenton, R M Gardiner
Nov 1, 1987·Journal of Neurochemistry·Q R SmithS I Rapoport
May 1, 1985·Journal of Neurochemistry·G S SarnaG Curzon
Dec 12, 1972·Brain Research·K SetaA Lajtha
Dec 1, 1971·The American Journal of Physiology·W H Oldendorf
Nov 1, 1965·The Journal of Physiology·C Crone
Nov 24, 1983·The New England Journal of Medicine·H L Levy, S E Waisbren
Apr 1, 1982·Journal of Neurochemistry·W M Pardridge, L J Mietus

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 1, 1995·Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease·G M KnudsenH Lou
Feb 6, 2002·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Shinji FukuiKatsuji Shima
Jan 12, 2010·Molecular Genetics and Metabolism·Kevin A StraussD Holmes Morton
Jul 16, 2003·Journal of Neurochemistry·Bernadin Joseph, Charissa A Dyer
Aug 11, 2005·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Gregor Diezemann
Apr 12, 2006·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·S I DenisovP Hänggi
Apr 14, 2020·Journal of Animal Science·Sorin M McKnightM Carey Satterfield
Mar 23, 2009·International Journal of Tryptophan Research : IJTR·Dawn M RichardDonald M Dougherty

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Blood Brain Barrier Regulation in Health & Disease

The blood brain barrier is essential in regulating the movement of molecules and substances in and out of the brain. Disruption to the blood brain barrier and changes in permeability allow pathogens and inflammatory molecules to cross the barrier and may play a part in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Here is the latest research in this field.

Brain Injury & Trauma

brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.

Blood Brain Barrier Chips

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of endothelial cells that regulate the influx and outflux of plasma concentrations. Lab-on-a-chip devices allow scientists to model diseases and mechanisms such as the passage of therapeutic antibodies across the BBB. Discover the latest research on BBB chips here.

Related Papers

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
M WahlL Schilling
Revista brasileira de psiquiatria : orgão oficial da Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Asociación Psiquiátrica de la América Latina
Luciana MalavoltaRodrigo Affonseca Bressan
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved