Traumatic brain injury, shell shock, and posttraumatic stress disorder in the military--past, present, and future

The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
Sharon B Shively, Daniel P Perl

Abstract

With preferential use of high explosives in modern warfare, traumatic brain injury (TBI) has become a common injury for troops. Most TBIs are classified as "mild," although military personnel with these injuries can have persistent symptoms such as headache, memory impairment, and behavioral changes. During World War I, soldiers in the trenches, undergoing unrelenting artillery bombardment, suffered from similar symptoms, designated at the time as "shell shock." Dr Frederick Mott proposed studying the brains of deceased soldiers to elucidate the neuropathology of this clinical entity. Subsequent to a British government enquiry after World War I, the term "shell shock" was banned and further investigation into a possible organic cause for these symptoms was discontinued. Nevertheless, similar clinical entities, such as combat or battle fatigue and posttraumatic stress disorder, continue to be encountered by combatants in subsequent military conflicts. To this day, there exists a paucity of neuropathology studies investigating the effects of high explosives on the human brain. By analogy, studies have recently revealed that athletes with repeated head trauma can develop a neurodegenerative disease, chronic traumatic encephalopath...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1990·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·G W RobertsC Bruton
Aug 1, 1973·Psychological Medicine·J A CorsellisD Freeman-Browne
Aug 12, 1999·Acta Neuropathologica·J F GeddesT Révész
Feb 1, 2008·The New England Journal of Medicine·Charles W HogeCarl A Castro
Jun 19, 2009·Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology·Ann C McKeeRobert A Stern
Mar 12, 2010·Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences·Edgar Jones
Jun 26, 1926·British Medical Journal

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 12, 2013·Journal of Anxiety Disorders·Katie A RagsdaleJeremy W Stout
Apr 6, 2013·Nature Reviews. Neurology·Steven T DeKoskySam Gandy
Apr 17, 2013·Nature Reviews. Neurology·Oneil G BhalalaJohn A Kessler
Nov 15, 2013·BMC Neuroscience·Kryslaine L RadomskiMartin L Doughty
Jan 15, 2014·Brain Research·Manoj ValiyaveettilMadhusoodana P Nambiar
Jan 22, 2014·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shruti V Kabadi, Alan I Faden
Jul 24, 2015·Brain Injury : [BI]·Victoria C MerrittLouis M French
Nov 26, 2014·Acta Neuropathologica Communications·Jiwon RyuVassilis E Koliatsos
Jun 14, 2014·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Leslie SibenerMaria C Carrillo
Jul 23, 2013·Substance Use & Misuse·Rachel Sayko AdamsThomas V Williams
Aug 1, 2015·Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development·Jan B EyskensGreta Moorkens
Mar 3, 2015·Frontiers in Neurology·Anna P MillerAleksandra Glavaski-Joksimovic
Jan 8, 2015·Frontiers in Neurology·Gregory A ElderStephen T Ahlers
Aug 9, 2016·NeuroRehabilitation·Angela ColantonioLee Vernich
Mar 7, 2017·PloS One·Anna P MillerAleksandra Glavaski-Joksimovic
Mar 12, 2015·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·W MiaoY H Zhu
Apr 5, 2017·Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare·John S RichardsonRyan N Hansen
Mar 23, 2019·Military Medicine·Yansong LiLeopoldo C Cancio
Jan 7, 2020·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·Krystal I MorrisonClint A Bowers
Mar 2, 2016·The Neurologist·Kristin E YuJack W Tsao
Jan 31, 2020·The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation·Kimberly PetersonJohanna Anderson
Jul 25, 2018·Clinical and Translational Medicine·Heather E Brassil, Anthony P Salvatore
May 30, 2017·BioMed Research International·Ming GuMikulas Chavko
Dec 26, 2018·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Rudy J Castellani, George Perry
Nov 13, 2020·Frontiers in Neurology·Chen FleischmannMichal Horowitz
Nov 4, 2020·Journal of Neurotrauma·Abigail G SchindlerDavid G Cook
Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Taylor A McCorkleRamesh Raghupathi
Jul 29, 2021·Military Medical Research·Syeda F HussainRenata S M Gomes

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Anxiety Disorders

Discover the latest research on anxiety disorders including agoraphobia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder here.

Brain Injury & Trauma

brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.