Treating More with Less: Effectiveness and Event Outcomes of Antituberculosis Fixed-dose Combination Drug versus Separate-drug Formulation (Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide) for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Real-world Clinical Practice

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
Jacqueline Mui Lan LaiRichard Avoi

Abstract

Conventionally, a combination of four separate drugs (ethambutol, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide [EHRZ]) is the first-line pharmacotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). In recent years, fixed-dose combination (FDC) formulation, where a single tablet contains the active ingredients of four aforementioned drugs, is gaining popularity due to its ease of administration. To compare the real-world effectiveness of EHRZ and FDC treatment groups on a cohort registry by investigating the sputum conversion rate and treatment outcomes of both groups. A total of 11,489 patients' data were extracted from the Sabah TB registry between January 2012 and June 2016, including EHRZ (n = 4188) and FDC (n = 7301) patients. Then, 1:1 propensity score matching was adopted to reduce the baseline bias. Caliper matching was conducted with maximum tolerance score set at 0.001. Confounders included in the propensity score matching were gender, nationality, diabetes, HIV status, smoking status, and chest X-ray status. Successful matching provided 4188 matched pairs (n = 8376) for final analysis. In this matched cohort of 4188 pairs, the 2-month sputum conversion rate of FDC group was significantly higher than the EHRZ group (96.3% vs. 94.3%; P ...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pharmacotherapy
X-ray

Software Mentioned

SPSS
XLSTAT

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