PMID: 22571195May 11, 2012Paper

Treatment of acute hypercalcemia

Medicinal Chemistry
Stafano M M BassoValentina Camozzi

Abstract

Acute hypercalcemia is a life-threatening rather rare condition. This condition may represent an acute decompensation of a pre-existing hypercalcemia, or may be acute at the first instance of the electrolyte disturbance. Hypercalcemic patients can present with a broad spectrum of symptoms, but most of them are mild and non-specific. Hypercalcemia affects a group of organs, which are considered together as a syndrome. The supportive care and ABC assessment are the first step to preserve vital functions. Severity index criteria should be considered at admission: severe dehydratation, mental status alteration, renal impairment, cardiac arrhythmias, ionized calcium level, nausea or vomiting, low social level. The neurological status and the main parameters (arterial blood pressure, cardiac pulses, oxygen saturation, temperature) must be monitored in all patients. Five keystones in the treatment of the hypercalcemic crisis should be considered: (1) Restore normovolemia to prevent renal impairment, (2) Restore renal function and enhance renal excretion of calcium, (3) Dialysis, (4) Inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, and (5) Reduce intestinal calcium absorption. Currently, bisphosphonates are the drugs of choice in most of the pati...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 22, 2013·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Stefano GuarinoAngela La Manna
Sep 10, 2013·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·Yuanhai ZhangChunmao Han
Oct 31, 2019·Cancers·Nikita N Machado, Scott M Wilhelm

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