Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Era of Genomics-Achievements and Persisting Challenges

Frontiers in Genetics
Steven D Green, Heiko Konig

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a malignant disorder of the hematopoietic system that is mainly characterized by rapid proliferation, dysregulated apoptosis, and impaired differentiation of leukemic blasts. For several decades, the diagnostic approach in AML was largely based on histologic characteristics with little impact on the treatment decision-making process. This perspective has drastically changed within the past years due to the advent of novel molecular technologies, such as whole genome next-generation sequencing (NGS), and the resulting knowledge gain in AML biology and pathogenesis. After more than four decades of intensive chemotherapy as a "one-size-fits-all" concept, several targeted agents have recently been approved for the treatment of AML, either as single agents or as part of combined treatment regimens. Several other compounds, directed against regulators of apoptotic, epigenetic, or microenvironmental pathways, as well as modulators of the immune system, are currently in development and being investigated in clinical trials. The constant progress in AML research has started to produce improved survival rates and fueled hopes that a once rapidly fatal disease can be transformed into a chronic condi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 29, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Deepshi ThakralSangeeta Vashishtha
Feb 18, 2021·Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy·Shawn M Sarkaria, Mark L Heaney
Mar 13, 2021·NAR Genomics and Bioinformatics·Sun Sook ChungFranca Fraternali
Apr 13, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Kristine Yttersian SlettaBjørn Tore Gjertsen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ubiquitination
MDS
antisense oligonucleotide
acetylation
xenograft
exome sequencing

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT03329950
NCT02545283
NCT03850535
NCT03041688
NCT03760445
NCT03940352
NCT03671564
NCT03634228
NCT02319369
NCT03552029

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