Abstract
Oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are currently being investigated in phase II and phase III clinical trials for several inflammatory skin diseases including alopecia areata (AA). Topical JAK inhibitors have been investigated in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and AA. While a number of case series using topical JAK inhibitors in AA have been published, to date there have been no randomized controlled clinical trials. We conducted a phase I, 28 week prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in patients with alopecia universalis investigating hair regrowth with two topical JAK inhibitors, 2% tofacitinib and 1% ruxolitinib. Topical clobetasol dipropionate 0.005% was the active comparator while vehicle was used as the placebo control. Sixteen patients were recruited for the study. Six patients demonstrated partial hair regrowth in areas treated with 2% tofacitinib ointment applied twice daily. Five patients demonstrated partial hair regrowth in the areas treated with 1% ruxolitinib ointment. Ten patients demonstrated partial hair regrowth in the areas treated with clobetasol dipropionate 0.05% ointment. No regrowth was observed in the placebo treated area. Interestingly, generalized hair regrowth was observed in two patien...Continue Reading
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