PMID: 22576570May 12, 2012Paper

Treatment of neuromyelitis optica

Nihon Rinshō Men'eki Gakkai kaishi = Japanese journal of clinical immunology
Kazuo Fujihara

Abstract

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or Devic's disease is an inflammatory neurologic disease characterized by severe optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Other features of NMO include female preponderance, higher onset age, severe functional disability, longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions (longer than 3 vertebral segments), and oligoclonal IgG bands negativity. Brain lesions are not uncommon in NMO. The relation between NMO and multiple sclerosis (MS) has long been a matter of controversy, but since the discovery of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody (NMO-IgG), an NMO-specific autoantibody, the clinical, MRI, and laboratory features that distinguish NMO from MS have been clarified. Anti-AQP4 antibody binds to the extracellular domain of AQP4, which is highly expressed in endfeet of astrocytes. Recent neuropathological studies, analysis of CSF-GFAP levels during relapse and experimental studies strongly suggest that NMO is an anti-AQP4 antibody-mediated astrocytopathic disease and that T cell-mediated CNS inflammation is necessary to develop NMO. Also, IL-6 is remarkably elevated in the CSF and appears to regulate plasmablasts to produce anti-AQP4 antibody. Therefore, from the therapeutic point of view, depletion of anti-AQP4 a...Continue Reading

References

Mar 4, 2005·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Takaaki IshizuJun-ichi Kira
Jul 16, 2005·Journal of Neurology·Koichi NarikawaYasuto Itoyama
Aug 10, 2005·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Vanda A LennonShannon R Hinson
May 24, 2006·Neurology·D M WingerchukB G Weinshenker
Feb 14, 2007·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·S WatanabeY Itoyama
Jun 7, 2008·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·C F LucchinettiW Brück
Jun 25, 2008·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·B Weinstock-GuttmanM Ramanathan
Mar 20, 2009·Neuroreport·Makoto KinoshitaSaburo Sakoda
May 14, 2009·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·M NakamuraY Itoyama
May 26, 2009·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·T MatsushitaJ I Kira
Jun 24, 2009·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Makoto KinoshitaSaburo Sakoda
Nov 26, 2009·Annals of Neurology·Monika BradlHans Lassmann
Nov 26, 2009·Annals of Neurology·Jeffrey L BennettBernhard Hemmer
Dec 31, 2009·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·A UzawaS Kuwabara
Mar 2, 2010·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Makoto KinoshitaSaburo Sakoda
Aug 27, 2010·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Akiyuki UzawaSatoshi Kuwabara
Jan 6, 2012·Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria·Douglas SatoUNKNOWN Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Astrocytes

Astrocytes are glial cells that support the blood-brain barrier, facilitate neurotransmission, provide nutrients to neurons, and help repair damaged nervous tissues. Here is the latest research.

Related Papers

Seizure : the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association
Gang LiHajo M Hamer
Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
P StrianoS Striano
Seizure : the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association
B A Engelsen, M Grønning
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved