Treatment of type II, IIIA, and IIIB open fractures of the tibial shaft: a prospective comparison of unreamed interlocking intramedullary nails and half-pin external fixators

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
M B HenleyMarc F Swiontkowski

Abstract

To compare unreamed intramedullary nailing (IMN) with external fixation (EF) in patients with Type II, IIIA, and IIIB open fractures of the tibial shaft. An inception cohort of consecutive patients with Type II, IIIA, and IIIB tibial fractures incurred between January 1988 and March 1993 were systematically allocated into one of two treatment groups. Patients were treated and followed with a prospectively designed protocol. All patients were skeletally mature and had incurred a fracture of the tibial diaphysis within twenty-four hours of presentation to the tertiary care hospital, a Level I Trauma Center. One hundred seventy-four fractures in 168 patients were stabilized with either IMN (104) or half-pin EF (70). There were 132 men and thirty-six women, with an average age of thirty-three years (range, 14 to 77 years). Except for the selection of the fixation device, open fracture care was similar in the two treatment groups. All patients underwent emergent irrigation and debridement with concomitant skeletal stabilization. Cephalosporin antibiotics were administered perioperatively for twenty-four to forty-eight hours. No wounds were closed primarily. Delayed primary closure, skin grafting, and/or myoplasty were performed betw...Continue Reading

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