Tree cover and species composition effects on academic performance of primary school students

PloS One
Sivajanani SivarajahSean C Thomas

Abstract

Human exposure to green space and vegetation is widely recognized to result in physical and mental health benefits; however, to date, the specific effects of tree cover, diversity, and species composition on student academic performance have not been investigated. We compiled standardized performance scores in Grades 3 and 6 for the collective student body in 387 schools across the Toronto District School Board (TDSB), and examined variation in relation to tree cover, tree diversity, and tree species composition based on comprehensive inventories of trees on school properties combined with aerial-photo-based assessments of tree cover. Analyses accounted for variation due to socioeconomic factors using the learning opportunity index (LOI), a regional composite index of external challenges to learning that incorporates income and other factors, such as students with English as a second language. As expected, LOI had the greatest influence on student academic performance; however, the proportion of tree cover, as distinct from other types of "green space" such as grass, was found to be a significant positive predictor of student performance, accounting for 13% of the variance explained in a statistical model predicting mean studen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 6, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Matthew H E M Browning, Alessandro Rigolon
Feb 20, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Liqing Zhang, Puay Yok Tan
Aug 1, 2020·Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP·Mollika SajadyCathy Jordan
Oct 1, 2021·Pediatrics·Amber L Fyfe-JohnsonPooja S Tandon

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