Trends in non-medical prescription opioids and heroin co-use among adults, 2003-2014

Addictive Behaviors
Sasha MitalNatalie D Crawford

Abstract

Patterns in non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) and heroin use have recently shifted, with evidence that NMPO-only users transition to NMPO and heroin co-use. Co-use is associated with increased risk of morbidity and overdose, highlighting the need for further investigation. This study aims to quantify, describe, and explore trends in co-use. Using data from the 2003-2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, we compared co-use to NMPO- and heroin-only use across demographic, substance use and mental health characteristics with chi-squared tests. Logistic regression models assessed trends in opioid use overall, and among co-users. From 2003 to 2014, the prevalence of all opioid use (NMPO-only, heroin-only, and co-use) and NMPO-only use decreased 6.08% (p < 0.01) and 4.65% (p < 0.001), respectively, while prevalence of heroin-only use increased 21.32% (non-significant). Co-use increased 248.17% (p < 0.001) overall, and did so in all demographic, substance use, and mental health groups. Demographic, substance use, and mental health characteristics of co-users were more similar to the heroin-only group than to NMPO-only. The highest co-use prevalence was among those: without health insurance (8.72%), aged 26-34 (9.76%), repo...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 15, 2019·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Deborah S HasinAaron L Sarvet
Jun 6, 2019·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Kristi Lynn StringerJanet M Turan
Jan 31, 2021·Clinical Psychology Review·Andrew H RogersGordon J G Asmundson
Feb 20, 2021·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Benedikt FischerCarina Walters
Nov 16, 2021·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Nina C ChristieJohn R Monterosso

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