Trichoplax, the simplest known animal, contains an estrogen-related receptor but no estrogen receptor: Implications for estrogen receptor evolution

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Michael E Baker

Abstract

Although, as their names imply, estrogen receptors [ERs] and estrogen-related receptors [ERRs] are related transcription factors, their evolutionary relationships to each other are not fully understood. To elucidate the origins and evolution of ERs and ERRs, we searched for their orthologs in the recently sequenced genome of Trichoplax, the simplest known animal, and in the genomes of three lophotrochozoans: Capitella, an annelid worm, Helobdella robusta, a leech, and Lottia gigantea, a snail. BLAST searches found an ERR in Trichoplax, but no ER. BLAST searches also found ERRs in all three lophotrochozoans and invertebrate-like ERs in Capitella and Lottia, but not in Helobdella. Unexpectedly we find that the Capitella ER sequence is closest to ERbeta, unlike the other invertebrate ER sequences, which are closest to ERalpha. Our database searches and phylogenetic analysis indicate that invertebrate ERs evolved in a lophotrochozoan and steroid-binding ERs evolved in a deuterostome.

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Citations

Oct 30, 2009·BMC Genomics·Susanne A ThomsonGerald A Leblanc
Jan 7, 2014·The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Stephanie R Kattoula, Michael E Baker
Dec 3, 2014·The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Michael E BakerRomain A Studer
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Jan 16, 2018·Nuclear Receptor Research·Shari BodofskyBruce Wightman
Jul 22, 2020·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Karen A KiddCheryl L Podemski
Jan 15, 2021·Genes·Angelica MiglioliRémi Dumollard
Apr 27, 2019·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Wojciech KrężelAngel R de Lera
Jan 22, 2020·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Virginie Cuvillier-Hot, Alain Lenoir
Jun 29, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Jan TaubenheimSebastian Fraune

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