Trichosporonosis in Pediatric Patients With a Hematologic Disorder

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
Catherine E FosterCarol J Baker

Abstract

Trichosporonosis is an emerging and often fatal opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with hematologic malignancy, but data in children are lacking. We report here 3 cases of invasive infection caused by Trichosporon asahii in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia at Texas Children's Hospital in Houston, Texas. We also conducted a literature review and identified 16 additional reports of pediatric patients with invasive T asahii infection and an underlying malignant or nonmalignant hematologic disorder. Of the 19 cases of invasive T asahii infection, the most commonly reported underlying hematologic disorder was acute lymphoblastic leukenia (47%), followed by acute myelogenous leukemia (21%). Most of the patients (94%) had neutropenia, defined as an absolute neutrophil count of <500 cells/mm3. Antifungal prophylaxis information was available in 6 of the 19 cases, and micafungin use was reported in 5 cases. Treatment regimens frequently included voriconazole monotherapy (47%) or the combination of an azole antifungal with amphotericin B (35%). The mortality rate was 58%. Recognizing that echinocandins, which are increasingly used for prophylaxis in patients with a hematol...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 24, 2018·Journal of Cutaneous Pathology·Eloise R GalliganChristine T Lauren
May 21, 2019·Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society·Pierre-Amaël Noailly CharnyMeja Rabodonirina
May 19, 2021·Journal of Pediatric Hematology/oncology·Michelle NguyenVini Vijayan

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