Trimethylamine N-Oxide Generated by the Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Vascular Inflammation: New Insights into Atherosclerosis

Mediators of Inflammation
Yarong Liu, Min Dai

Abstract

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a biologically active molecule generated by the gut microbiota. Accumulating evidences have indicated a close association between high plasma TMAO levels and the risk of developing atherosclerosis (AS). AS is considered a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by vascular endothelial inflammatory injury. Both observational and experimental studies suggest that TMAO can cause endothelial inflammatory injury. However, a clear mechanistic link between TMAO and vascular inflammation of AS is not yet summarized. In this review, we discuss the association between TMAO and AS and focus on the potential role of TMAO in endothelial inflammatory injury. Finally, the utility of TMAO-targeted therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AS is also analyzed.

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Citations

Feb 4, 2021·European Journal of Nutrition·Karen Salve Coutinho-WolinoMilena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
Jan 26, 2021·Porto Biomedical Journal·Cátia AlmeidaRuben Fernandes
Mar 7, 2021·Nutrients·Matthew D WatsonGregory J Grosicki
Mar 13, 2021·Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research·Wan-Qin ZhangJun-Ping Zhang
Mar 14, 2021·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Francesca Romana PonzianiUNKNOWN GuLiver study group
Jun 19, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Carla B P SilvaRita C Tostes
Aug 27, 2021·Metabolites·Kiera MurphyCatherine Stanton
Sep 22, 2021·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Jason D Bishai, Noah W Palm
Nov 6, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Mengmeng GuYingdong Zhang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
antisense oligonucleotide

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