Trough concentrations of lopinavir, nelfinavir, and nevirapine with standard dosing in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant women receiving 3-drug combination regimens

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Silvia BaroncelliM Regazzi

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the plasma drug concentrations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to define the rate of occurrence of subtherapeutic concentrations for some commonly used antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy. We evaluated HIV-infected women (n = 68) in the third trimester of pregnancy in steady-state treatment with an HAART regimen administrated on a twice a day basis, which included 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus nelfinavir (NFV), lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), or nevirapine (NVP). Blood samples were collected at predose (C(trough)). The following thresholds were used to define therapeutic drug concentrations-NFV: 0.8 microg/mL; LPV: 4.0 microg/mL/1.0 microg/mL (experienced/naive); and NVP: 3.1 microg/mL. At predose sampling, adequate drug concentrations were found in a higher proportion of women receiving NFV (70.8%) and LPV (75.0%) than NVP (55.6%). Median C(trough) plasma concentrations were 1.2 microg/mL for NFV, 5.5 microg/mL for LPV, and 3.1 microg/mL for NVP. Women receiving lopinavir/ritonavir had the lowest rates of detectable (>50 copies/mL) HIV RNA (15.4%) compared with rates of 22.2% ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1980·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·B KrauerF E Hytten
Sep 24, 1998·Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications·R P van HeeswijkJ H Beijnen
Dec 14, 2001·HIV Clinical Trials·E P AcostaUNKNOWN Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 386 Protocol Team
Jan 22, 2002·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology·M Dawes, P J Chowienczyk
May 1, 2002·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Ellen R CooperUNKNOWN Women and Infants' Transmission Study Group
May 22, 2002·Therapeutic Drug Monitoring·Rolf P G Van Heeswijk
Jan 28, 2003·Therapeutic Drug Monitoring·David M BurgerUNKNOWN ATHENA Study Group
Jun 24, 2003·AIDS·Bradley W KoselFrancesca T Aweeka
Sep 10, 2004·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jeannine F J B NellenJan M Prins
Oct 29, 2004·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·Bregt S KappelhoffJos H Beijnen
Dec 14, 2004·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Rolf P G van HeeswijkD William Cameron
Feb 8, 2005·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Timothy S TracyUNKNOWN National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal-Medicine Units
May 4, 2005·AIDS·Sarah TimmermansUNKNOWN Dutch HMF Study Group
Sep 24, 2005·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·Gail D Anderson
Mar 21, 2006·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·F Van LethUNKNOWN 2NN Study Group
May 26, 2006·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Déborah HirtSaïk Urien
Aug 29, 2006·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·P VillaniM Regazzi
Sep 22, 2006·AIDS·Alice M StekJennifer S Read
Oct 26, 2006·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Nils von HentigAnnette Haberl
Dec 13, 2006·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Jashvant D UnadkatRuth E Tuomala
Feb 27, 2007·Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine·Claire Thorne, Marie-Louise Newell
Apr 26, 2007·AIDS·Fiona LyonsAnnemiek De Ruiter
May 23, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Deven PatelMarie-Louise Newell

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 18, 2009·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Silvia BaroncelliUNKNOWN Italian Group on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy
Jul 16, 2010·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Brookie M BestUNKNOWN International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group 1026s Study Team
Jun 15, 2011·The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases·Mario Ferreira PeixotoJennifer Read
Oct 26, 2018·Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Ahizechukwu C EkeUNKNOWN IMPAACT P1026s Protocol Team
Dec 12, 2012·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Kristine B PattersonAngela D M Kashuba

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.