Tumor microenvironment in gastric cancers

Cancer Science
Yukiko OyaKazuhiko Koike

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment favors the growth and expansion of cancer cells. Many cell types are involved in the tumor microenvironment such as inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, nerves, and vascular endothelial cells. These stromal cells contribute to tumor growth by releasing various molecules to either directly activate the growth signaling in cancer cells or remodel surrounding areas. This review introduces recent advances in findings on the interactions within the tumor microenvironment such as in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, and endothelial cells, in particular those established in mouse gastric cancer models. In mice, myofibroblasts in the gastric stroma secrete R-spondin and support normal gastric stem cells. Most CAFs promote tumor growth in a paracrine manner, but CAF population appears to be heterogeneous in terms of their function and origin, and include both tumor-promoting and tumor-restraining populations. Among immune cell populations, tumor-associated macrophages, including M1 and M2 macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are reported to directly or indirectly promote gastric tumorigenesis by secreting soluble factors or modulating immune responses. Endothelial cells or b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 21, 2021·Cancers·Pia GamradtAna Hennino
Mar 14, 2021·Cancer Gene Therapy·Qinrong PingRuhong Li
Mar 25, 2021·Life Science Alliance·Konstantin DrexlerMaria E Mycielska
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May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Karim RihawiMatteo Renzulli
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Juan SunWeiming Kang
Jul 13, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Jing CaoYutian Chong
Aug 21, 2021·BioMed Research International·Mingming WangZuomin Wang
Oct 19, 2021·Nuclear Medicine Communications·Cihan GündoğanBahri Çakabay

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