Tumor-specific nuclear targeting: promises for anti-cancer therapy?

Drug Resistance Updates : Reviews and Commentaries in Antimicrobial and Anticancer Chemotherapy
Gualtiero AlvisiDavid A Jans

Abstract

Recent developments in anti-cancer gene therapy suggest that the idea of a magic bullet for cancer may not be a pipe dream. Viral-based anti-cancer vectors for gene therapy have been used preferentially in this regard, but recent results from clinical trials have raised serious concerns as to their safety. For this reason, the development of non-viral vectors able to deliver drugs or suicide genes specifically to cancer cells is of paramount importance. In this context, great interest has been raised by recent reports that several proteins, including viral protein 3 (VP3 or Apoptin) from Chicken Anemia Virus, are capable of selectively killing tumor cells. Intriguingly, VP3's anti-cancer activity is strongly linked to its ability to localize more efficiently in the nucleus of cancer and transformed cells than that of normal, non-transformed cells with a tumor cell-specific nuclear targeting signal (tNTS) located at the C-terminus of the protein. Clearly, the VP3 tNTS is an exciting prospect to enhance non-viral-mediated cancer cell killing. This review will discuss recent advances in the understanding of the mechanism responsible for VP3 tumor-specific nuclear localization, including its specific phosphorylation, and the implic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2007·Molecular Biology of the Cell·Gregory W MoseleyDavid A Jans
May 17, 2011·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Yinghuan LiJessie L-S Au
Oct 20, 2009·European Journal of Pharmacology·Kylie M Wagstaff, David A Jans
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Oct 16, 2007·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Gualtiero AlvisiDavid A Jans
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Sep 19, 2008·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Henna V KuusistoDavid A Jans
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