Twelve-dose weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection: A multicentre randomised controlled trial in Taiwan

Tuberculosis
Hsin-Yun SunJann-Tay Wang

Abstract

Treatment of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) effectively prevents its progression to active TB. However, long treatment duration and drug-related hepatotoxicity limit the effectiveness of the 9-month daily isoniazid (9H). Data on the 3-month weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid (3 HP) in Asian populations are currently unavailable. We prospectively randomised the LTBI contacts aged ≥12 years with positive tuberculin skin test into 9H and 3 HP groups in four hospitals between January 2014 and May 2016 in Taiwan. The primary and secondary outcomes were treatment completion rate and adverse drug reactions (ADRs), respectively. Overall, 263 participants with LTBI were randomised into the 3 HP (n = 132) and 9H groups (n = 131); 14 (10.6%) and 29 (22.1%) participants in the 3 HP and 9H groups, respectively, discontinued therapy (p = 0.011). Discontinuation rates owing to ADRs were 9.1% (3 HP) and 5.3% (9H) (p = 0.241). Clinically relevant hepatotoxicity was more common in the 9H than in the 3 HP group (5.3% vs. 1.5%; p = 0.103), whereas systemic drug reaction was more common in the 3 HP than in the 9H group (3.8% vs. 0%; p = 0.060). Women had a significantly higher rate of Grade II fever than men (13.7% vs. 1.2%; p = 0.003). C...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 20, 2019·The European Respiratory Journal·Pei-Chun ChanChen-Yuan Chiang
Jun 9, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Meng-Rui LeeInn-Wen Chong
Nov 21, 2020·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Hung-Ling HuangInn-Wen Chong
Dec 12, 2020·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Chandrasekaran PadmapriyadarsiniRanjani Ramachandran
Mar 8, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Hung-Ling HuangInn-Wen Chong
Jun 3, 2021·Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi·Chien-Hsing WuChih-Chao Yang
Sep 16, 2019·Respiratory Medicine·Chang Suk NohMoon Seong Baek
Sep 1, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Hung-Ling HuangJann-Yuan Wang

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