Two Cases of Cerebral Air Embolism That Occurred during Esophageal Ballooning and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Clinical Endoscopy
Suyeon ParkJin-Ho Kim

Abstract

Cerebral air embolism is an extremely rare complication of endoscopic procedure and often life threatening. We present two cases of cerebral infarction due to air embolization caused by an endoscopic intervention. The first case occurred during esophageal balloon dilatation for the treatment of a stricture of an anastomosis site in a 59-year-old man and the second case occurred during endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation in a 69-year-old man who had distal common bile duct stones. After the procedure, cardiopulmonary instability and altered mental status were observed in both patients, and cerebral air embolism was diagnosed in both cases. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was started in the first case, and high FiO2 therapy was applied in the second case. Although this complication is rare, patient outcomes can be improved if physicians are aware of this potential complication, and immediately begin proper management.

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Citations

Apr 14, 2016·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·Basavana Goudra, Preet Mohinder Singh
Sep 17, 2016·Case Reports in Critical Care·Rashmi MishraMisbahuddin Khaja
Oct 21, 2016·The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology·Leonardo Pacheco RoqueroCarl Schmidt
Sep 30, 2019·Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association·Malik GhannamIvan Matos
Jun 1, 2021·Case Reports in Gastroenterology·Konstantinos EkmektzoglouPeriklis Apostolopoulos

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
medical procedure
dissection
sedation

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