Abstract
Normally, apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA editing deaminates a single cytidine (C6666) in apoB mRNA. However, when the catalytic subunit of the editing enzyme complex, APOBEC-1, was overexpressed in transgenic mice and rabbits, numerous cytidines in the apoB mRNA and in a novel mRNA, NAT1, were aberrantly hyperedited, and the animals developed liver dysplasia and hepatocellular carcinomas. To identify the RNA motifs in the apoB mRNA that support physiological editing and those that support aberrant hyperediting, we constructed rabbit apoB RNA substrates and tested them in vitro for physiological editing and hyperediting. Three previously unrecognized RNA elements that are critical for efficient physiological editing at C6666 were identified. In concert with the mooring sequence (6671-6681), the 5' efficiency element (6609-6628), an A-rich region (6629-6640), and the 3' efficiency element (6717-6747) increased editing at C6666. The 5' efficiency element was the most potent, elevating physiological editing to wild-type levels in combination with the mooring sequence. The 3' efficiency element was somewhat less important but increased physiological editing to levels approaching wild type. These elements encompass 139 nucleotides on t...Continue Reading
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