Two-photon probes for in vivo multicolor microscopy of the structure and signals of brain cells

Brain Structure & Function
Clément RicardDaniel Fiole

Abstract

Imaging the brain of living laboratory animals at a microscopic scale can be achieved by two-photon microscopy thanks to the high penetrability and low phototoxicity of the excitation wavelengths used. However, knowledge of the two-photon spectral properties of the myriad fluorescent probes is generally scarce and, for many, non-existent. In addition, the use of different measurement units in published reports further hinders the design of a comprehensive imaging experiment. In this review, we compile and homogenize the two-photon spectral properties of 280 fluorescent probes. We provide practical data, including the wavelengths for optimal two-photon excitation, the peak values of two-photon action cross section or molecular brightness, and the emission ranges. Beyond the spectroscopic description of these fluorophores, we discuss their binding to biological targets. This specificity allows in vivo imaging of cells, their processes, and even organelles and other subcellular structures in the brain. In addition to probes that monitor endogenous cell metabolism, studies of healthy and diseased brain benefit from the specific binding of certain probes to pathology-specific features, ranging from amyloid-β plaques to the autofluor...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 26, 2020·Physiological Reviews·Nanna Brix FinnerupTroels Staehelin Jensen
Nov 16, 2019·Lasers in Medical Science·Pranoy Sahu, Nirmal Mazumder
Oct 28, 2020·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Jintao ZhaoJianguo Fang
Mar 13, 2021·Journal of Neuroscience Methods·Ronit HeinrichShai Berlin
May 22, 2021·Plant & Cell Physiology·Yoko Mizuta

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
FRET
chip
fluorescence
chips

Software Mentioned

ANNINE
TO
mOrange

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