PMID: 9541948May 30, 1998Paper

Two-stage sampling in surveys to substantiate freedom from disease

Preventive Veterinary Medicine
Angus Cameron, F C Baldock

Abstract

Disease in livestock populations tends to cluster at the herd level. In order to account for this--and to overcome the problems of simple random sampling from a very large population--large-scale livestock surveys usually involve two-stage sampling. However, the use of two-stage sampling presents particular problems for sample-size calculation and analysis. We developed a probability formula for two-stage sampling, initially based on the assumption of a perfect test. We used this formula to demonstrate how combinations of first-stage (number of herds) and second-stage (number of animals in selected herds) sample sizes can be altered to achieve a least-cost survey, and used simulation to validate the formula. To overcome the unrealistic assumption of a perfect test, we then applied an exact-probability formula (which takes imperfect tests and finite population sizes into account) to the two-stage sampling design. An example is given which shows how implementing the formula with the FreeCalc computer program allows least-cost first and second-stage sample sizes to be calculated.

References

Jan 1, 1996·Australian Veterinary Journal·D Jordan
May 30, 1998·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·A R Cameron, F C Baldock

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 19, 2005·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·A J BranscumM D Salman
May 24, 2005·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·F BoelaertD L Berkvens
May 17, 2005·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Matthias Greiner, Aldo Dekker
May 10, 2000·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·J Christensen, I A Gardner
Apr 20, 2001·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·R M Cannon
Feb 19, 2002·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·M ZillerH Schlüter
Feb 19, 2002·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·R M Cannon
Nov 21, 2002·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Daniela C HadornKatharina D C Stärk
May 30, 1998·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·A R Cameron, F C Baldock
Mar 19, 1999·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·L Audigé, S Beckett
May 4, 2012·New Zealand Veterinary Journal·A M J McFaddenA M Weir
Sep 19, 1998·Australian Veterinary Journal·F C Baldock
Dec 1, 2001·Annual Review of Entomology·Robert C VenetteWilliam D Hutchison
Mar 6, 2002·Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. Supplementum·K D Stärk, M D Salman
May 2, 2012·Irish Veterinary Journal·Eoin Gerard RyanMichael L Doherty
Aug 30, 2011·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·B C OidtmannE J Peeler
May 7, 2011·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·M Hernández-JoverJ-A L M L Toribio
Feb 10, 2009·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Michael S WilliamsScott J Wells
Jul 3, 2007·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Zvonimir PoljakCatherine E Dewey
May 20, 2004·Australian Veterinary Journal·I J EastaE M Bernoth
Nov 16, 2005·Statistics in Medicine·Adam J BranscumIan A Gardner
Dec 8, 2004·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Bruce Wagner, Mo D Salman
Jun 27, 2006·Veterinary Microbiology·A CagienardK D C Stärk

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.