Type 1 Diabetes: A Chronic Anti-Self-Inflammatory Response

Frontiers in Immunology
Matthew ClarkRoland M Tisch

Abstract

Inflammation is typically induced in response to a microbial infection. The release of proinflammatory cytokines enhances the stimulatory capacity of antigen-presenting cells, as well as recruits adaptive and innate immune effectors to the site of infection. Once the microbe is cleared, inflammation is resolved by various mechanisms to avoid unnecessary tissue damage. Autoimmunity arises when aberrant immune responses target self-tissues causing inflammation. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), T cells attack the insulin producing β cells in the pancreatic islets. Genetic and environmental factors increase T1D risk by in part altering central and peripheral tolerance inducing events. This results in the development and expansion of β cell-specific effector T cells (Teff) which mediate islet inflammation. Unlike protective immunity where inflammation is terminated, autoimmunity is sustained by chronic inflammation. In this review, we will highlight the key events which initiate and sustain T cell-driven pancreatic islet inflammation in nonobese diabetic mice and in human T1D. Specifically, we will discuss: (i) dysregulation of thymic selection events, (ii) the role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that enhance the expansion and pathogen...Continue Reading

References

Oct 12, 1974·Lancet·J NerupA Svejgaard
Aug 1, 1994·Endocrine Reviews·J F Bach
May 3, 1996·Cell·R Tisch, H McDevitt
Dec 17, 1997·Nature Genetics·K NagamineN Shimizu
Sep 17, 1998·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·H E ThomasT W Kay
Jun 23, 1999·Current Opinion in Genetics & Development·L St-OngeP Gruss
Aug 5, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·S ZuklysG A Holländer
Oct 18, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F LuhderD Mathis
Oct 23, 2001·Nature Immunology·H Kishimoto, J Sprent
Feb 21, 2002·Human Molecular Genetics·Chris RamseyLeena Peltonen
Apr 3, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Vissia VigliettaDavid A Hafler
Jul 26, 2002·Genes and Immunity·F Pociot, M F McDermott
Aug 7, 2002·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Marie-Claude GagneraultFrançoise Lepault
Sep 18, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Kathrin MaedlerMarc Y Donath
Mar 4, 2003·Nature Immunology·Jason D FontenotAlexander Y Rudensky
Mar 4, 2003·Nature Immunology·Adrian ListonChristopher C Goodnow
Nov 19, 2003·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Shannon TurleyDiane Mathis
Feb 3, 2004·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Sefina ArifMark Peakman
Dec 14, 2004·European Journal of Immunology·Gerben BoumaMarjan A Versnel
Mar 8, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·William C KieperCharles D Surh
Mar 18, 2005·Annual Review of Immunology·Mark S Anderson, Jeffrey A Bluestone
Mar 23, 2005·Immunity·Silvia ZucchelliDiane Mathis
Sep 9, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Antje RhodeUrs Christen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 21, 2019·BioFactors·Shahla KoraniAmirhossein Sahebkar
Jun 11, 2020·NPJ Systems Biology and Applications·Juhi SomaniHarri Lähdesmäki
Aug 23, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Clara Dos Reis NunesDaniela Barros de Oliveira
Jul 11, 2018·Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome·Valeria CalcaterraHellas Cena
May 28, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Elisa Mascolo, Fiammetta Vernì
Sep 1, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Charles J KrogerRoland M Tisch
Jan 29, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Ivan KoprivicaIvana Stojanović
Sep 29, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Miriam Cabello-OlmoMiguel Barajas
Sep 17, 2019·World Journal of Diabetes·Silvia Costantini, Caterina Conte
Nov 7, 2019·Clinical Science·Eoin P BrennanPhillip Kantharidis
Mar 15, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Valeria La MarcaAlessandra Fierabracci
Sep 28, 2018·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Amrita SarkarKhadija Rafiq
May 8, 2020·Daru : Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences·Navid NeyshaburinezhadYalda H Ardakani
Nov 11, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Stephen C BondyKedar N Prasad
Feb 2, 2021·Current Osteoporosis Reports·Julie Kristine KnudsenSuzette Sørensen
Nov 20, 2020·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Mengjie KongDewei Ye
Feb 20, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Matthew ClarkRoland M Tisch
Mar 9, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Qi KeRoland M Tisch
Apr 10, 2018·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·Kristin R PetersonAlyssa H Hasty
May 22, 2021·International Journal of Immunogenetics·Awad Elsid OsmanMuaawia Ahmed Hamza
May 30, 2021·Nature Reviews. Neurology·Heinz WiendlRoland Liblau
Aug 29, 2021·Pharmaceutics·Nolwenn TessierCatherine Martel
Oct 23, 2021·ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters·Brandon J KennedyShawn R Campagna

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
deamidation

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.