Type 1 diabetes-related antibodies in the fetal circulation: prevalence and influence on cord insulin and birth weight in offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
R S LindsayScottish Multicentre Study of Diabetes in Pregnancy

Abstract

During pregnancy, maternal type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies may cross the placenta. It is proposed that insulin antibodies (IA) allow transfer of insulin across the placenta, contributing to fetal hyperinsulinemia and macrosomia. We assessed the prevalence of IA, the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) in cord blood from offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (ODM, n = 138) and control mothers (control, n = 47) and further assessed cross-sectional relationships of antibody titers to birth weight and fetal insulin. In ODM, antibodies were frequently present in cord blood; 124 ODM (95%) were positive for IA, 82 (59%) were positive for GADA antibodies, and 61 (44%) were positive for IA-2 antibodies. In controls, GADA and IA-2 antibodies were absent, whereas seven controls (15%) were positive for IA at low titers (P < 0.0001 ODM vs. controls for all).ODM with IA (IA positive) or without IA (IA negative) had similar birth weights (mean +/- sd: IA positive, 3.8 +/- 0.7 kg; IA negative, 4.0 +/- 0.6 kg; P = 0.31) and cord insulin concentrations (IA positive: median, 112 pmol/liter; interquartile range, 62-219 pmol/liter; IA negative: median, 114 pmol/liter; interquartile range, 59-194 pmol/lite...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 14, 2005·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Lorin Lakasing, Catherine Williamson
Jan 24, 2013·Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease·Anastasia N Mavrogiannaki, Ilias N Migdalis
Dec 25, 2009·Journal of Autoimmunity·Andrea T BorchersM Eric Gershwin
Jan 1, 2015·Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology·Oded Langer
Sep 6, 2007·Endocrine Reviews·S Edwin FinebergAlan S Krasner
Apr 14, 2005·Prenatal Diagnosis
Feb 27, 2008·Diabetes Care·Alberto de LeivaRosa Corcoy

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.