Type 2 Poliovirus Detection after Global Withdrawal of Trivalent Oral Vaccine

The New England Journal of Medicine
Isobel M BlakeNicholas C Grassly

Abstract

Mass campaigns with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) have brought the world close to the eradication of wild poliovirus. However, to complete eradication, OPV must itself be withdrawn to prevent outbreaks of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV). Synchronized global withdrawal of OPV began with serotype 2 OPV (OPV2) in April 2016, which presented the first test of the feasibility of eradicating all polioviruses. We analyzed global surveillance data on the detection of serotype 2 Sabin vaccine (Sabin-2) poliovirus and serotype 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV2, defined as vaccine strains that are at least 0.6% divergent from Sabin-2 poliovirus in the viral protein 1 genomic region) in stool samples from 495,035 children with acute flaccid paralysis in 118 countries and in 8528 sewage samples from four countries at high risk for transmission; the samples were collected from January 1, 2013, through July 11, 2018. We used Bayesian spatiotemporal smoothing and logistic regression to identify and map risk factors for persistent detection of Sabin-2 poliovirus and VDPV2. The prevalence of Sabin-2 poliovirus in stool samples declined from 3.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5 to 4.3) at the time of OPV2 withdrawal to 0.2% (95% CI, 0.1 to...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 19, 2019·Médecine sciences : M/S·Jean-Nicolas Tournier
Apr 30, 2020·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Dominika A KalkowskaKimberly M Thompson
Jul 8, 2020·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Dominika A KalkowskaKimberly M Thompson
Aug 13, 2020·Virus Evolution·David JorgensenNicholas C Grassly
Sep 11, 2020·Case Reports in Infectious Diseases·Diriba Sufa, Urge Gerema
Oct 16, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Stanley Perlman, Tom Gallagher
Aug 4, 2020·Expert Review of Vaccines·Kimberly M Thompson, Dominika A Kalkowska
Nov 12, 2020·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Dominika A KalkowskaKimberly M Thompson
Dec 23, 2020·Communicable Diseases Intelligence·Linda K HobdayBruce R Thorley
Apr 25, 2020·Cell Host & Microbe·Ming Te YehRaul Andino
Apr 4, 2021·Viruses·Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Joseph Kononchik
Dec 31, 2014·Pediatrics·Walter A Orenstein, UNKNOWN Committee on Infectious Diseases
Dec 22, 2021·PLoS Computational Biology·Michael FamulareMami Taniuchi

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R programming language
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