Type I interferons as ambiguous modulators of chronic inflammation in the central nervous system.

Frontiers in Immunology
Marco Prinz, Klaus-Peter Knobeloch

Abstract

Type I interferons (IFNs) were originally identified as antiviral effector molecules that exert pleiotropic physiological processes ranging from immune modulation, control of proliferation, apoptosis to antitumor activity. However, type I IFNs were recently also shown to apply both beneficial and detrimental effects to the central nervous system (CNS) and a tightly balanced equilibrium between cellular activation and inhibition seems to be essential to maintain homeostasis within the CNS. In inflammatory pathologies affecting the CNS, type I IFNs are in the center of attention not only because interferon beta (IFN-β) is used as a standard therapeutic in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), but also as type I IFN expression is associated with distinct pathologies. Despite the great efficiency of IFN-β in reducing MS relapses and attenuation of novel inflammatory lesions is well documented, underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular target specificities are just beginning to emerge. In contrast to the curative effects, aberrant activation of the type I IFN response were also recently shown to be associated with detrimental effects exemplified by the Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a severe disabling a...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 2, 2014·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Shreeram C Nallar, Dhan V Kalvakolanu
Aug 30, 2014·Cell Death and Differentiation·F J QuintanaI D Mascanfroni
Aug 29, 2012·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Diana AyindeOlivier Schwartz
Apr 22, 2015·The EMBO Journal·Tobias GoldmannMarco Prinz
Mar 19, 2014·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Srividya SriskantharajahSteven C Ley
Jul 4, 2017·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Alessandro VenutaMauro Ferrari

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