Typing and selection of wild strains of Trichoderma spp. Producers of extracellular laccase

Biotechnology Progress
Saila Viridiana Cázares-GarcíaGerardo Vázquez-Marrufo

Abstract

Using the ITS region and the gene tef1, 23 strains of the genus Trichoderma were identified as belonging to the species T. harzianum (n=14), T. olivascens (n=1), T. trixieae (n=1), T. viridialbum (n=1), T. tomentosum (n=2), T. koningii (n=1), T. atroviride (n=1), T. viride (n=1), and T. gamsii (n=1). Strains expressing extracellular laccase activity were selected by decolorization/oxidation assays in solid media, using azo, anthraquinone, indigoid, and triphenylmethane dyes, and the phenolic substances tannic acid and guaiacol. No strain decolorized Direct Blue 71 or Chicago Blue 6B, but all of them weakly oxidized guaiacol, decolorized Methyl Orange, and efficiently oxidized tannic acid. Based in decolorization/oxidation assays, strains CMU-1 (T. harzianum), CMU-8 (T. atroviride), CMU-218 (T. viride), and CMU-221 (T. tomentosum) were selected for evaluating their extracellular laccase activity in liquid media. Strain CMU-8 showed no basal laccase activity, while strains CMU-1, CMU-218, and CMU-221 had a basal laccase activity of 1313.88 mU/mL, 763.88 mU/mL, and 799.53 mU/mL, respectively. Addition of sorghum straw inhibited laccase activity in strain CMU-1 by 34%, relative to the basal culture, while strains CMU-8, CMU-21, and...Continue Reading

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