Tyrosine phosphorylation of the BRI1 receptor kinase emerges as a component of brassinosteroid signaling in Arabidopsis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Man-Ho OhSteven C Huber

Abstract

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential growth-promoting hormones that regulate many aspects of plant growth and development. Two leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) are involved in BR perception and signal transduction: brassinosteroid insensitive 1 (BRI1), which is the BR receptor, and its coreceptor BRI1-associated kinase 1 (BAK1). Both proteins are classified as serine/threonine protein kinases, but here we report that recombinant cytoplasmic domains of BRI1 and BAK1 also autophosphorylate on tyrosine residues and thus are dual-specificity kinases. With BRI1, Tyr-831 and Tyr-956 are identified as autophosphorylation sites in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, Tyr-956 in kinase subdomain V is essential for activity, because the Y956F mutant is catalytically inactive and thus this site cannot be simply manipulated by mutagenesis. In contrast, Tyr-831 in the juxtamembrane domain is not essential for kinase activity but plays an important role in BR signaling in vivo, because expression of BRI1(Y831F)-Flag in transgenic bri1-5 plants results in plants with larger leaves (but altered leaf shape) and early flowering relative to plants expressing wild-type BRI1-Flag. Acidic substitutions of Tyr-831 restored normal lea...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 12, 2012·Protoplasma·Silke Robatzek, Lennart Wirthmueller
Nov 15, 2011·Journal of Proteome Research·Sharon C MithoeFrank L H Menke
Oct 2, 2009·Nature Cell Biology·Ive De SmetTom Beeckman
Sep 30, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Man-Ho OhSteven C Huber
Dec 21, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Man-Ho OhSteven C Huber
Nov 22, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Huaxun YeYanhai Yin
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