PMID: 11317897Apr 25, 2001Paper

Ultrafiltration behavior of major ions (Na, Ca, Mg, F, Cl, and SO4) in natural waters

Water Research
L GuoP H Santschi

Abstract

Aquatic colloids, including macromolecules and microparticles, with sizes ranging between 1 nm to 1 micron, play important roles in the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals and other contaminants in natural waters. Cross-flow ultrafiltration has become one of the most commonly used techniques for isolating aquatic colloids. However, the ultrafiltration behavior of chemical species remains poorly understood. We report here the permeation behavior of major ions (Na, Ca, Mg, F, Cl, and SO4) in natural waters during ultrafiltration using an Amicon 1 kDa ultrafiltration membrane (S10N1). Water samples across a salinity gradient of 0-20@1000 were collected from the Trinity River and Galveston Bay. The permeation behavior of major ions was well predicted by a permeation model, resulting in a constant permeation coefficient for each ion. The value of the model-derived permeation coefficient (Pc) was 0.99 for Na, 0.97 for Cl, and 0.95 for F, respectively, in Trinity River waters. Values of Pc close to 1 indicate that retention of Na, Cl, and F by the 1 kDa membrane during ultrafiltration was indeed minimal (< 1-5%). In contrast, significant (14-36%) retention was observed for SO4, Ca, and Mg in Trinity River waters, with a Pc va...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 4, 2012·Environmental Technology·Xiaotian XuJianping Zhai
Jul 18, 2009·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Imam Bakhsh SolangiM I Bhanger
Sep 19, 2008·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Ali TorYunus Cengeloglu
Sep 5, 2014·Materials·Mirna Habuda-StanićAndrew Flanagan

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